Emerging pathogens refer to newly identified infectious agents that are increasing in incidence or expanding their range. These pathogens can pose significant threats to public health due to their ability to cause severe illness, spread rapidly, and evade existing treatment and prevention measures. Research in this area focuses on studying the biology, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics of these pathogens, as well as developing new diagnostic tools, vaccines, and treatments to combat them. This field is critical for identifying and responding to outbreaks of emerging diseases such as Ebola, Zika virus, and COVID-19.